Archive for June 2026
Friendship And Platonic Relationships – An Anatomy Of Visual Novels
Just Friends?
The
visual novel space has a strange relationship with friendship and
other non-romantic interactions. A large swath of the medium focuses
on love and its consequences to the point at which the audience has
come to expect it from all of the titles they play. However, not all
games can or want to engage with romance so they have to set the
right expectations and pushing friendships is often how they achieve
this aim. In its most basic form platonic relationships get mixed
in with romantic ones to at least meet player expectations in part
while also allow for an examination of the wider human experience.
Another avenue it takes is being a response to player choice by
reacting to their actions or giving them a narrative playground to
explore beyond standard tales of love. Then sometimes there are
titles which want to focus on the broader strokes of the way
relationships work and so a focus on romance would undermine that
resulting in them spending more time expanding on platonic
interactions. Let’s just be friends and find out how a different
framing of relationship can dramatically change a narrative.
Exploration Of Human Relationships
Romance
is not the only form of meaningful human relationship and visual
novels hoping to express the breath of these interactions often
choose to do so through mixing in platonic bonds as a supplementary
element. These come in the form of smaller side routes or subsections
focused on characters beyond the main circle of love interests and
developing their connection with the protagonist. Since these additions
end up being significantly smaller in scope compared to the main
route, there is a tight focus on the single idea each wants to
present and they lack the dramatic nature of the romance routes.
Inadvertently this leads to the concept of a friendship being a lower
investment kind of relationship and less fraught with emotional
instability. Most titles accept this imbalance and use these routes
as a place to create an extended comedy gag or a palate cleanser from
the main narrative. This does not exclude them from engaging with the
core themes of these games from a new angle and instead it frames them
in a lighter and brighter context to form a sense of perspective on
the story’s scale. Each one provides a different insight into the
reasons and motives which exist beyond romance and they ground the love of
the main routes in the more muted emotions of a less intense
relationship.
Maji de Watashi ni Koi Shinasai!’s use of friendship
is interesting for how it both explores a wider breadth of its cast
while creating a dividing line between men and women. The platonic
routes focus on the relationships Naoe Yamato has with the other male
members of cast and the varied kinds of emotions to be found in
these dynamics. Connections are pushed through a masculine lens to
present the strange tensions in male friendships and the way they can
promote as much admiration as jealousy. All this comes through
Majikoi’s standard comedy tone in order to help take the edges off any
negative moments and they contrast the relationships between men and
between Naoe and a heroine with the later ending up being much harder for him to
handle. This not only works to present the kind of person Naoe is,
but also reinforces the group dynamics all routes play off for their
drama through the broad range of emotions it demonstrates. Majikoi’s
romance base creates an interesting issue in that all the female
routes are romantic meaning in the game’s eyes it is not possible
for a man and a women to have a friendship without it eventually
turning into love. This is not a malicious choice and is instead born
of the need to meet audience expectations and to not leave people
feeling cheated if their favourite ends up getting relegated to ‘just
friends’. Still there is much to be said for more exploration of
male friendships like these in visual novels since they offer a
chance to breathe life into a sidelined gender of secondary
characters.
 |
| Everyone has their own story to tell |
For a better handling of non-romantic female routes,
Clannad can be held up as example. Its softer form of romance, compared to the highly over the top Majikoi, is in no small part
responsible since the difference between it and friendship comes
across as smaller and thus makes friendship between genders more
reasonable. A second element is the way it has these friendships be
with characters significantly older or younger than Okazaki Tomoya
which makes the idea of romancing them not cross the player’s mind
due to being inappropriate. Into this space Clannad injects
explorations of what a relationship between age groups can be like
and how their experiences speak to a person’s growth and
development as they age. It is through this framing of the main
cast’s age the player understands the romantic drama of other
routes. This immaturity is never presented as a negative quality but
rather as a natural part of growing up and asks the player to
remember a time when they too were susceptible to being a teenager.
Direct Responsiveness
Sometimes
friendship is offered to the player as either a choice instead of
romance or as a consequence of their previous decisions. This exists
as a means of providing a sense of responsiveness from the narrative
to recognise the player’s engagement with it. A platonic outcome
can be framed in both a positive and negative manner depending on how
the game wants its characters to be viewed. In a romance centric
visual novel, friendship with a main heroine immediately comes across
as a failure state and signals to the player they have done something
wrong. Often such endings are bitter sweet in nature with the possibility
of what could have been dangled in front of the player while the
characters are not entirely unhappy and so creating an emotional
friction the player will seek to resolve. When romance occupies a
side role the option to choose a friendship appears to be a more
valid outcome since the game has not being pushing love as the
correct connection between the protagonist and the other party. Here
the aim becomes to respond to the player and create a co-authored
story where they get to leave their mark on the way it plays out. By
investing the player in this manner they can be made to care about
the broader scripted themes and outcomes since they have some part in
crafting the experience.
 |
| Is it for the best? |
Analogue: A Hate Story frames its choice
between romance or friendship as the ultimate outcome of the player’s
relationship with Hyun Ae. Given her negative experiences with what
others have presented as love, a romantic connection may not
ultimately be best one for her yet it is left to the
player to decide what they think the outcome should be. This is
heavily influenced by the expensive and horrifying picture of Hyun
Ae’s life prior to this point and acts as a final tracing of the
outline of the themes the game has been continuously pushing. Neither
outcome comes across as right or wrong with Analogue seeming more
interested in posing the question to get the player to react rather
than pass judgement for their choices. On the other hand we have
titles like Amagami where the friendship endings are shown as a
failure to reach a proper resolution. For it the idea of a platonic
relationship is put in the same camp as the actual bad endings of its
story and the closer an ending is to a full fledged romance the
better. These endings sit in the middle ground between the
destructively negative outcomes and the ones drenched in mutual love
and showcase a partial failure resulting from incorrect player
choices. In many ways they are a light slap on the wrist where the
emotions of the relationship between the protagonist and heroine are
partly fulfilled but in an unsatisfying manner. From here the game
pushes the player to try again and find the best resolution which
will give them the closure the friendship ending hints towards.
When Love Is Not Appropriate
Choosing
to focus on friendship as the primary meaningful relationship between
characters is often done when romance is not suitable for the topics
or circumstances surrounding the narrative. This does not exclude the
subject of love from being tackled in such titles, but rather it is
relegated to an object of discussion rather than action. Not all
stories want the messy and complex emotions brought up by romance
since it would distract from what they want their core messaging to
be. As such a more neutral kind of relationship is needed to
facilitate character interactions while not getting in the way and
friendship in its many different forms works perfectly in this role.
Platonic bonds have far less associated baggage than those focused
around love and they are instead defined by the participants in a
colourful and unique manner reflecting their individual natures. These
can be shaped in such a manner as to neatly highlight what the game
wants with precise control over when it will impact the player.
Visual novels using friendships like this tend not to have routes or
the intense focus on a single character at a time but on a wide cast
where weight of this story is less intensely fixated and instead
spread evenly among them.
 |
| Be friends with anyone, even a dog! |
When it comes to presenting friendships as
a core narrative thread, there are few better at it than VA-11
HALL-A. Over the course of the game showcases a variety of relationship between
the cast and Jill which both expand on their identity while also
pulling out the many different ways two people can form a meaningful
bond. These connections are slowly teased out and keep the player
invested over the long term in order to see what kinds of
interactions they might witness next. Love still comes up within
VA-11 HALL-A, mostly connected with Jill’s past, and is placed on
the same level as all the previously established relationships in
order to strip it of its magical qualities so it can be clearly seen
for the messy thing it is. It also loosely cross over into friendship
through the light flirting between characters to create an intricate
consideration of how relationships rarely fit into the rigid boxes
people choose to ascribe to them.
Conclusion
For
a medium often remembered for its tales of romance, visual novels can
handle friendship in diverse and engaging ways. When placed alongside
love, platonic relationships can be used to fully express the breadth
of human connections and provide a much needed sense of perspective to
the enamoured couples. Not all titles need to deal with the intense
emotions of romance and for them a friendship provides a flexible way
to have characters interact while presenting core themes and ideas.
Then sometimes a friendship can just be a negative outcome which
communicates to the player they have made the wrong choices and
encourages them to try again. Playing around with character
relationships can dramatically change the tone and content of a game
and how a player perceives it so even the smallest friendship can be
a powerful tool in your arsenal.
Card Battlers – Uncovering The Hybrid
Playing Your Last Card
As
one of the biggest trends within the indie video game space, it is
little surprise the Card Battler would end up being merged with visual
novels. These kind of titles use the card battles as a means of
represent the conflicts and interacts which act as the story’s
highlights. Through having the player directly engage with these key
moments the game can present an abstraction of them and push the player to
engage with the broader metaphors and themes of the narrative. In its
most basic form this means the cards and their interactions can be
representations of the character’s actions and emotions where the
player gets to act them out. Conflict can mean battles and here the
random assortment of cards drawn simulates the chaos of the situation
and underlines the tension created by the visual novel sections.
Since the cards provided to the player often represent the abilities
of the characters or the world around them, they can express the
cast’s identities through how their cards feel to play so offering
another avenue of reinforcing their personalities and the tone. How do these
different uses of Card Battlers intersect and interact with visual
novels? Let’s draw a new hand and find out what each has to offer
the other.
Emotional Symbols
Cards
hold symbolic power within human culture, such as with tarot cards,
especially since the imagery depicted on them is concentrated in a
small space and has a physical sense of presence to it. In a hybrid
they can function as a means of cleanly presenting abstract concepts to the player and chief among these are emotions or emotional
actions. These communicate the core ideas of the narrative through
play where the interactions between cards and the objective lets the player experience a simulation of dealing with those
emotions. As such it can snugly fit into the dramatic and intense
moments to do the heavy lifting and leave the space between for the
visual novel element to handle the build up and cool down. By doing
this the title can curate the pacing of the experience in a way
conducive to a character centric story aiming to put the player
firmly into the minds of the cast. The abstraction of a card system
helps form an environment where sensitive topics can be addressed
without having to confront them face on.
 |
| Colour and emotion are powerfully linked |
An interesting execution of
this kind of Card Battler can be found in I Was a Teenage Exocolonist
which uses its cards as a means of exploring being a teenager. All of
its cards are the simple actions and items of a teenager in this
sci-fi world and only a few hold any direction emotional symbolism
rather being mundane in nature. Instead they gain this association
with emotion through the narrative surrounding them to provide
context and enhance the challenges they are used to overcome. They often get
framed and reframed based on the how they end up being utilised
through the lens of a teenager’s wild roller-coaster of feelings
during this sensitive time in their lives. Since this is not a game
about big battles and world ending stakes, the emotions of its cast
have to do a lot of the heavy lifting so weaving them into the
mechanical side makes sense. It is even doubled down on through
the mood system being another angle of reflection for the narrative
which connects back into the Card Battler. Kumitantei: Old-School
Slaughter offers a slight more direct use of emotional cards through
its Danganronpa inspired killing game. Its use of cards is in the
argument sections of the story where the protagonist is attempting to
convince another character of something. This is already a situation
naturally high in emotion and the game doubles down on it through
each card’s colour and stylised imagery making clear the feelings
behind it. With each card played the intensity of the back and forth
comes across as the protagonist eventually pushes through the noise
to convert the other party into one willing to at least listen to the
truth.
Chaos Of Battle
Being
able to capture the messy and improvisational element of combat
through a Card Battler system is something a textual narrative like
visual novels cannot easily achieve. This is created through either
with the randomness of a card pool or the chaos of the interactions
between each card and the battle. Such titles also tend only use the Card Battler for combat and leave everything else to other systems in
order for it to provide a focused impact on the player. Having an
element of randomness through what cards the player will see each
turn works to simulate a reactive environment and encourages a looser
play style where they have to roll with the punches rather than
follow a neatly laid out plan. On the other hand if the interactions
caused by cards are pushed to the front then the chaos comes from the
need to balance them against what the enemy is doing. It forms a push
and pull between the two and the increasing difficulty the player
experiences trying to keep the two sides from overwhelming them
mirrors the pressures experienced by the cast. By doing this it
allows for a strong emotional resonance which the main visual novel
narrative can play off and so expand on the consequence to gives a
wholistic feeling to the entire work.
 |
| Controlling the battle is a constant challenge |
Battle Suit Aces is an example
of how interactions can do a lot of the heavy lifting to create this
chaos despite its relatively ordered card progression. In order to
capture the clash of mechas and monsters underpinning the narrative, there was an effort made to sell the power each possess through
strong visual effects accompanying a dynamic back and forth
between allies and enemies. This operates on two levels, the allied
units and their combos planned out by the player beforehand and then
the enemies messing these up with their own interactions and
synergies which must be worked around. Having to manage these
competing fronts creates a chaotic game state where each element has
to be considers yet all can easily spiral out of control if left
unattended. Since the visual novel presentation in Battle Suit Aces
is relatively static in nature, these battles are the only chance to
properly sell the conflicts and there is a careful bouncing back and
forth between them to keep them both engaging. There is no simpler
version of the chaos of the unknown than the Card Battler systems of
Princess Waltz. The player is dealt a random hand of numbered cards
and must play them to beat their opponents score but since their
opponent plays their cards face down the player has no idea about the total
they are trying to beat. Through these two unknowns the game can
simulate the chaos of the one vs one battles presented in the visual
novel sections while asking for logic and risk management skills to
be exercised. Just like the cast, the player must push beyond the
uncertainty with their unique skills and making reads off their
enemy’s actions.
Expressing Identity
What
cards are available and the actions they represent can give the
characters using them a sense of identity while also building a wider
feeling world carried through into the narrative. Since the player
will be spending a lot of time engaging with and executing the
strategies these cards facilitate, this is a space which organically
finds itself lodged into their mind. As such character and world
building can be weaved into them in a way which reflects the
narrative’s needs as the player's toolbox grows along with their
opposition. The resources available to the cast helps spell out the
kind of world they live in, how they view that world and what kind of
means they are willing to use to achieve victory. A character using
poison to slowly kill their enemy communicates a vastly different
kind of personality to one who uses shields to help keep themselves
and their allies alive. A world saturated by magic will have its
cards filled with spell slinging while one in a sci-fi setting might
instead offer laser guns, mechs and spaceships for the player to use.
Committing into this style of quiet and layered presentation frees
the visual novel element from the need to spend valuable time
explaining the broader strokes of the world and cast so it can focus
on the plot beats and pacing needed to keep the player engaged.
 |
| Clean, clear and violent |
The
majority of the previous examples of Card Battlers follow this
principle to one extent or another, even the basic Princess Waltz has
abilities to activate which serve this function, and all leverage
this added flavour to great effect. Library of Ruina showcases an interesting manifestation of this style since it is a game which leans
on its world a lot so makes for a contrasting method to the previous
titles shown here. Its unique art style coupled with the moves and
abilities represented by the cards establishes not only the context
of this world but also its tone. The cards available to each
character and the kind of fighting they engage in demonstrate details of
setting and culture in this dystopian world of steel and horror. A
broader tone is quickly established through the cards use of strong
colours and often violent imagery as they speak to the game’s
content and establish what the player can expect during their time
here. By having its mechanics create this baseline, Library of Ruina
can play on those ideas in its narrative and they provide something
to fall back onto during long periods of progression so the core through-line of the work can be maintained even in the story’s
absence.
Conclusion
The many avenues for presentation and the way it can seamlessly merge
into a visual novel narrative make card battlers a smooth second
element of a hybrid. They can represent the emotions of its themes
and characters while having the player engage with them in a very
direct fashion. Tone and identity form around how these cards
showcase the cast and world they inhabit in an understated manner. When
battles are fought the chaotic nature of their systems allow the
player to feel the back and forth of combat and never truly be in
control of the situation. By pairing a visual novel with a card
battler the narrative gains access to a new level of symbolism it can
weave in and out of as needed.
Dark Nights Review – Solving Romantic Tension With Spooky Scares
Genre – Otome, Supernatural, Mystery Play Time – 13 hours Developer - Pinlin Steam(Free) VNDB
Supernatural Hunks
Everyone
dreams of something exciting happening to them to break the mundanity
of their lives, but few consider the consequences of this
adventure. Such is the case for Dark Nights’ bored protagonist
Miyoko who gets exactly what she wishes for when people start
disappearing and she becomes entangled with a series of supernatural
men. This tale of tension, romance and a light bit of horror unveils
to her the hidden world living right under her nose. Each of her
suitors is given their own distinct plot completely focused on them
rather than a variation of a core narrative structure which keeps the
game fresh throughout. Small nods to the other routes pepper each play
through and invite the player to explore every possible avenue. The
suitors possess a good spread of personalities that compliment and
rub up against Miyoko’s own strong willed and proactive nature in
different and entertaining ways. Backing them up is a secondary cast
capable of playing both friend and foe to the main characters without
coming across and inconsistent. When it comes to the visuals and
audio the amateur nature of Dark Nights becomes obvious in their
inconsistent quality and this is not helped by a few odd quirks of
scene pacing plaguing certain sections. Are these traits of its
production enough to undermine the otome fantasy? Let’s snoop
around at night and find out.
It Goes Bump In The Night – Narrative And Themes
Variety
stands as Dark Nights’ greatest narrative strength with each route
bringing some new angle to the world and there being little overlap
between their ideas. This keeps the experience of progression fresh
throughout as the player is never quite sure what they are going to
encounter next. It also uses the unexpected to help add tension and compliment a romance where the threats facing the suitors differ
wildly and always remain exciting. Despite this variance, the world
building has a believable consistency to it which never strays too
far from the core supernatural concepts established early on in each
route. No matter what a player chooses they will be met with a
consistent presentation of the world without it falling into a
predictable pattern. Almost everything comes down to spirits, the
undead or those in charge of managing them. Yet there are lots of
variations to this framework such as the spirit world being made up
of different powerful spirits and even guardian demons. Helping all
of these elements feel consistent with one another is the countless
little nods to the other routes inside each route. These hint at the
fate of characters from other routes and tease what their route
involves while also providing the sense the cast do not just
disappear when not chosen by the player. It makes the world feel more
natural and alive where the character decide their own fates and
merely intersect with Miyoko’s life rather than having everything
revolve around her.
 |
| Dreaming of something exciting |
Supporting these vibrant routes is the
entertaining mixture of romance and light horror. The horror in Dark
Nights’ come across more as spooky rather than actively trying to induce fear in the player and it is akin to haunted house ride at a
theme park. This is not to say it cannot create feelings of tension
and danger since Miyoko’s fragile nature is constantly reinforced
through the bad endings and monsters she faces. What allows this
horror to not be overwhelming comes from the playful way it presents
these darker elements through making them somewhat silly punishments
of obvious failure or the achievements for bad ends having funny
illustrations on them. This lighter presentation of horror lets it
complement the slowly building romance between Miyoko and the suitor
where the two can bond in the face of their shared dangers alongside
the excuse to get physically closer to these handsome men. Since
these relationships are the main attraction of an otome, a stronger
horror element might have overpowered the positive emotions of this
romance so this is skilfully dodged and instead employed to showcase
the development of their bond.
 |
| This collection for the ending achievements is a fun addition |
A
consistent problem throughout Dark Nights is the way scenes and some
endings can be too short or abruptly come to an end. For scenes this
mostly comes in the form of events which serve a function but are not
given the space to feel natural. They have the characters say all the
important information in rapid succession before stopping as soon as
their utility has ended which is jarring since it creates the sense
the cast are robots. Fortunately scenes like these are mostly
concentrated in the common route and the opening sections of a few
suitor routes but disappear as the player progresses further into
them. This makes for a poor first impression of the game which might
turn off potential new players from the joys found in later sections.
In the case of some endings, not all are created equal and some
normal and romance endings lack a proper climax and resolution and
instead just stop. What this means in practice is things like major
plot beats or antagonists dealt with of screen in a single line
despite all the build up or a happy ending not earned by the
characters and just shoved onto them. As you can imagine this leads to a
feeling of being left without a way to tie up the player’s feelings
towards the route’s suitor and leaves a sour taste in their mouth.
The majority of endings do not suffer from this issue but this makes
the ones which do stand out in the worst way possible and are
disappointing when the bar for ending quality is so high.
Another
minor issue is the weird way Dark Nights insists it is set in a
village despite the location being far too large to be considered
one. There are inconsistencies like the fact that Miyoko can run
through the streets for an extended time to escape oncoming zombies,
a lot of villagers die and become zombies yet the village never seems
to run out of people and there being parts of the village Miyoko has
never been to despite living in there all her life. Each one of these
point to the village in fact being at least a small town where these
traits would make sense since it would easily excuse them. This
issues is at most distracting rather than damaging but does
contribute to the overall inconsistency of the narrative at times.
Ghosts, Ghouls and Charming Men – Characters
Key
to any good otome is a likeable suite of suitors for the player to
select from and invest into and those on display here more than meet
this standard. A wide variety of personalities exists across the
suitors from the blunt but kind Zeikun to the carefree and lazy
Kurato and these lead to a lot of distinct interaction based on who
is the focus of a route. What further pushes their individual
identities is how they do not all get along with each other and often
come into direct conflict with each other and in doing so reveal new
sides to themselves. Most importantly of all they bounce off Miyoko
in fun ways as their banter creates a sense of the bond between her
and each suitor while contrasting it with her other relationships. It
makes her connection with them feel genuine and unique to each of
them since they bring out different parts of her personality. Miyoko
being the story’s primary driver gives her a refreshing wilfulness
and helps equalise the relationship with her chosen suitor despite
being physically weaker than them in need of their protection.
Without her they would not be moving forwards and it is only because
she drags them with her that they manage to overcome their issues and
find happiness. It also makes for some amazing dialogue where the
characters have to face down this force of nature and find her
persistence difficult to deal with. As for the secondary cast, they
nicely fill in the roles needed from them as they dynamically jump
between ally and enemy depending on the route while remaining
believably consistent in their motives and actions. Finding out how
they will react in a new route to Miyoko and the suitor forms a
strong part of the appeal of exploring the game’s narrative to its
fullest. Their interconnecting web of relationships and shared
history slowly unveils itself with unguarded comments and heartfelt
cries providing these sneak peaks behind their masks.
 |
| Kaichi is one of the best examples of someone who is both friend and enemy at different times |
Fantasy Bellow Normality – Visuals, Audio And Technical
The
amateur nature of Dark Nights is brought into sharper focus when
considering the three pillars of visuals, audio and design choices.
From a visual standpoint it is the inconsistencies which highlight
this quality through the contrast between the sprites and the CGs.
There is a gap in presentation between the two which creates a
feeling of disconnect where they do not seem to show the same
characters. The CGs come across as lush and vibrant where their
dynamic and expressive poses compliment an excellent colour palette
and vivid lines to form strong visualisation for the narrative.
Unfortunately the sprites cannot match this high benchmark and each
is somewhat stiff in their posture with a limited variety of
expressions leading to the cast feeling wooden at times. Then the
small OST comes into focus as it is not quite large enough to fill
what is not a short visual novel which results in a lot of repeated
tracks the player will become very familiar with. Each track is used
appropriately but over the course of the long play time they lose their
impact and no longer invoke the emotions in the player’s mind.
Another sign of the amateur nature of this title is the extremely
short common route. The suitors are given one scene each before the
game asks the player which one they want to pursue.
 |
| Oh my, look another handsome man |
Conclusion
Keeping
a romantic tone while having the pressing weight of horror is the
mixture which characterises much of Dark Nights. Each route takes a
different part of this setting and explores it through its suitor as
it weaves in aspects from other routes to create a complete feeling
world. Vivid characters dance around each other in a battle of life
and love where the friends and enemies change dramatically from
suitor to suitor and set to a backdrop of beautiful CGs depicting
their most heartfelt moments. There are some hiccups hampering the
player’s enjoyment of the game from some of the more amateur
visuals to the abrupt endings to some scenes, but these are ultimately minor or infrequent enough to overlook for what is otherwise an
exceptional otome.
Verdict –
Perfectly captures a spooky horror tone which allows for intense
romantic interactions with its many engaging suitors and their
supernatural problems. Oddly cut off scenes and some limited visuals and audio do hold it back from its potential.
Pros-
+
Every route has its own distinct plot thread which deals with a
different part of the setting to keep the narrative feeling fresh.
+
Blends romance and horror together in a fun mixture of spooky and
steamy moments.
+
Suitors have a good variety of personalities and clash with each
other. This extends to the secondary cast who jump between friend and
foe depending on the route.
+
Beautiful CGs enhance the most powerful and memorable events in the
game.
Cons -
-
Some scenes and endings are too short or end too abruptly leading to
an unsatisfying and poorly paced feel at times.
-
Weak character sprites and an OST too small for the game’s length
hamper its presentation.
-
Common route is too short and demands the player choose a suitor
before the player has even had a chance to get to know them.
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