Archive for March 2026

JRPGs – Uncovering The Hybrid

 

 

On A Grand Adventure

 
Visual novels and JRPGs have an interesting history of interactions and there has been a lot of overlap in the way they present their narrative elements. When used together in the form of a hybrid they can play off the mechanical traits of the JRPG to compliment to player’s journey. Core to making this approach work is the way the story can breathe life into the static numbers of battle while those same stats add a sense of substance to the narrative. Helping this along is the tendency of RPG combat to naturally be its own kind of storyteller which creates organic moments or highlights key pre-existing ones. However, at what point is a JRPG’s narrative no longer a hybrid with a visual novel and where does it become its own distinct kind of presentation? The line might appear clear, yet the more consideration this point is given the harder it is to draw this distinction with absolute certainty. Let’s start a new save file and discover how this pair are forever intertwined.
 

Stats And Spirit

 
Numbers define the systems of a JRPG both inside and outside of combat since all activities within it aim to incrementally increase the player’s stats and available abilities. At first glance this might seem like a poor fit to be paired with the character and emotion driven nature of visual novels. The key to their unity lies in how this contrast can be made to fill out the lacking areas in each of them. It is easy to become detached from the experience in the stat reliant construction of RPGs where the cast becomes nothing more than a collection of spreadsheets to optimise. This obviously makes it difficult to get the player attached to the characters and could result in them losing interest if the mechanics are not strong enough to hold the weight of the title on their own. In steps the visual novel sections to cushion this issue through providing an all consuming presentation of the cast in personal settings and climatic moments so the player has something to grasp. No longer are the characters walls of numbers but instead stand as believable people. Evenicle provides a good example of this reinforcement through how it plays up its cast at every turn. The various girls around which the narrative rotates also form the core mechanical party members for combat and since there is quite a bit of the JRPG side of the game a risk appears of them becoming more stat stick then person. To mitigate this the game leans heavily into interaction based visual novel sections where the cast talk and engage in comedy skits in order to keep their humanity front and centre of the player’s attention. These are backed up by the more sizeable plot scenes which are given emotional context through those smaller moments and the intimacy which visual novels thrive on. 
Battle Time!

In the opposite direction, a visual novel can something struggle with its own issues with player engagement when it comes to the limited ways it has for them to interact with the story. Here the JRPG elements give a solid and easy to engage with set of tools to regulate the player’s understanding of the story via a supplementary avenue. Let’s look at the Rance games to see how this actually manifests in practice. Here the RPG side is the core method of progression and as such the pacing of the entire experience revolves around it. This frees the visual novel sections from having to manage this aspect which means they can instead focus on what is needed in that specific scene. A greater sense of flow is provided to the transition in and out of these moments while Rance’s antics can be suitably spread out to ensure they remain humorous rather than wearing out their welcome. Curating the way the player engages with the story and cast in this manner is especially important for a comedy centric game since the delivery and timing of joke are important to its impact.
 

Natural Storytellers

 
One of the main strengths of this hybrid is both sides can be leveraged as storytelling mechanisms of vastly different kinds. For visual novels this is pretty self explanatory since their very nature is narrative and they present stories in the way expected from the standard linear structure. JRPGs on the other hand possess a far more nebulous kind of narrative quality in the player driven stories which form as a result of their interactions with the systems and the memorable moments it produces. These are the close boss fights and long stretches between save points where the mechanics of each playable character get a chance to shine and their successes and failures have an important role in shaping the way they are perceived. Controlling such moments can be a powerful tool for highlighting key narrative beats when the game really wants their impact to be felt. Fate/Extra has a particularly stand out example of this technique in the servant battles which act as the climax to each chapter. Each is an intense bout of difficult combat coupled with the small number of characters involved creating an environment conducive to organic narratives surrounding the overcoming of this obstacle passed through the lens of the story’s context. Impact is what this set up and this is achieved by producing an intense scene capable of lasting in the player’s memory where they own story intertwines with the title’s own. Marrying the two sides of the game in such a manner keeps the ups and downs of both in sync so they do not feel disconnected from each other. 
Extra lives up to the Fate wordiness

When it comes to the narrative space during extensive JRPG sections, they serve as an anchor for the experience to form an emotional thread around when the visual novel sections are not there to provide it. During such parts of Monster Girl Quest Paradox the weight is carried by the various monster girls the player can meet and recruit. Since they have a chance of randomly asking to join you after a battle no two players will have the same roster in quite the same order and it leads to each person experiencing the game’s content in a slightly different order. Due to the flexibility and options open for team building, the player gets to shape a crew of their favourites distinct from anyone else and it is their journey together through the challenging battles which the player is likely to remember most. By offering the space for the crafting of a personal story Paradox can allow its visual novel sections to take a backseat when needed and let the JRPG adventure play out without having to worry about a loss of investment from the more mechanical focus.
 

Too Much Of A Good Thing

 
Take any of the examples of this hybrid shown above and it is immediately striking how close they come to just being straight JRPGs. So the question must be asked, when does one end and the other begin? In examining this dilemma through a comparison the exact unique form of this hybrid can be defined. For this purpose the examples will be Persona 5 and P3P as the representatives of the JRPG and Evenicle once more for the hybrid. Despite Persona 5 possessing character sprites and text boxes there is little doubt these elements do not constitute a visual novel in any capacity. This is primary due to the manner in which they frame the events occurring on screen through the 3D models providing much of the context and drama leaving the rest of the presentation to tidy up the edges. Hence why the sprites of Persona 5 are fairly static when compared to those of Evenicle which has a variety of poses and greater expression in them since it has to solely rely on them to carry the story. The effect on the overall narrative is a focus on bigger moments and striking emotions in Persona 5 where the 3D models allow for a greater high of physical performance while Evenicle tends to zoom in on minor and personal scenes with group dynamics and the construction of its story out of smaller and more numerous building blocks. 
P3P is such an odd title stuck between port and expansion

As such P3P is an interesting specimen due to it lacking the 3D models of its original and instead having to rely more on static assets due to the limitations of the PSP. This change did not result in a shift in how the narrative conceives of itself and still continues on as if there were fully emotive models playing in the background. Scenes do not have the extra lines of text to compensate for the lack of other avenues of expression and it is clear this game was occupies the same JRPG design space as its sister titles within the mind of its developers. On the other hand Evenicle contains a lot of the internal and explanatory text expected from a visual novel adjacent title and understands the space and tools it has to work with. Due to the developer’s work within the visual novel sphere this understand of narrative design is reflected in the way they conceive of its place as a pillar of the final product.
 

Conclusion

 
Intertwined through their joint understanding of the importance of narrative, JRPGs and visual novels can play off their common strengths to create a complete package of presentation. The stat based nature of JRPGs can provide substance to the visual novel sections while they provide a personal touch to its cold calculations. Leaning on 3D models and limited narrative elements is at the core of a JRPG and a visual novel element can reshape this into a more intimate style of story. Mechanics can naturally lead to their own organic player driven stories which offer a means of exaggerating key moments in the story or filling the down time between narrative content. Overall the pairing is difficult to effectively implement but does offer an intricate set of tools for those who want to get more out of their JRPG’s tale.
 
 

Otome – Genre Deep Dive

 

A Feminine Touch

 
As the inversion of the male centric structures typical of many visual novels, it may be tempting to dismiss the beautiful woman surrounded by handsome men as being more of the same just with the roles swapped. However, this change in gender focus results in a fundamental shift in design philosophy in order to appeal to a noticeable different demographic. The larger male cast in the form of the suitors is reflected in the way they clash and interact with each other and their more aggressive pursuit of the heroine’s affections. Emotional intelligence defines the Otome heroine, they mix personal vulnerability with strength in their romance and complete the suitor in a way which places the pair on equal footing. Otome’s freedom from the typical trappings of the male centric romances allow for a broader spread of settings, themes and tones without losing sight of the attractions of the romance fantasy. Yet it still adheres to much of the overarching expectations of visual novels such as choices, routes and even its use of erotic content. Let’s flee from the parade of adoring men and find out how the genre’s core features promote such a distinct identity.
 

Pursued By Suitors 

 
Just like the heroines of male centric visual novels, the suitors are the main selling points of Otome and form the backbone of the conflicts and narrative direction. They differentiate themselves from their female equivalents through how their masculinity is played up to achieve a unique suite of personalities. Suitors tend to be more aggressive and possessive in their romantic pursuit of the heroine and they are often the ones to initiate the first push even if the heroine ends up being the person who makes their relationship a reality. Amnesia: Memories loves its its overly possessive men with almost all of the suitors demonstrating these tenancies at some point or another. By far the most extreme example of this is Touma who locks the protagonist up in a cage in what he claims is an act for her own safety and, while the game does treat it an overprotective action, it is never painted as negative. Instead he is just letting the possessive aspect of his love taking over and the protagonist has to work to bring him back to reality so they can be together. This allows the protagonist an agency over the narrative through being the one who ultimately resolves the conflict with a taming of the beast style of romantic fantasy.
Not exactly a great first impression

Undertones of violence are a common among Otome suitors were the man is just a powder keg waiting for a spark to ignite. Mixing in this trait gives a sense of danger to what might otherwise be fairly vanilla romances and expanding on how conflict can be handled within the narrative. The suitors of BUSTAFELLOWS are all have a certain degree of this undertone due to their connections to the criminal underworld. On a moment to moment level this works as a way to keep the player on their toes since the treats facing the heroine could be inside the group and well as external to it. Even when it becomes clear the suitors are not an immediate danger the tension still remains for the men with more direct connections to violence such as Shu Lyn O'Keefe. The narrative value then transforms into a process of overcoming the barrier this presents between heroine and suitor and fleshing out their character arcs as the motives of the suitor are revealed. It is worth noting at this point the connection between these traits, attractiveness and erotic appeal within the genre’s audience. While Otome eroge rarely get localised they do in fact exist and display the same aspects of masculinity just filtered through the characters’ sexuality. Let’s look at one of the few translated examples in Fashioning Little Miss Lonesome. It is different in tone from the previous titles covered as a comedy romance and so lacks the direct undertones of violence present it those games. Yet when it comes to possessiveness and aggressiveness the suitors are more than happy to oblige as they pursue the heroine and coerce her into going along with their plans. This plays into the comedy and erotic nature of the game through its sheer absurdity and the way it leans into these as attractive elements to create an appealing and safe fantasy for the player to enjoy.
 

The Not So Distress Damsel

 
Otome heroines make for an interesting contrast when compared to their male equivalents given how vulnerability has a prominent role in their characterisation and development. This is not the same as being weak where they are a damsel in distress to be protected by the suitor, even if that style of narrative does exist within Otome. Rather it is a characteristic of their emotional intelligence where they are able to be open with their own feelings in a way male character is simply not able to be. This is especially important in the way it relates to the suitors since they need her to help them sort out their own chaotic emotions and reach the happiness they desire. Through this the heroine attains a critical non violent role within the story’s progression to ensure they are always relevant and pushing the plot forwards. The heroine of Hakuouki, Yukimura Chizuru, is a good example of this idea as while she does have some martial skill and supernatural blood in her veins, her identity in relation to the suitors in not defined by these traits for they instead come to rely on her to be their emotional crutch. As the suitors place in the world is taken away from them over the course of the narrative, Yukimura remains the only constant in their lives and she has to grapple with their increasingly decaying mental state in an effort to save them from this downward spiral. Her ability to successfully navigate this process works well as a core pillar of the game since its heightened feelings naturally lead to big outburst and powerfully empathetic moments from both sides of the relationship. 
A promise can mean a lot

A variation of this can be seen with Steam Prison’s heroine, Cyrus Tistella, who early on in the story is placed into a dangerous situation which she spends the rest of the game dealing with and manages to do so in no small part due to her emotional intelligence. It is through her ability to see beyond the fronts of the suitors she is able to pull herself up after her fall from grace since she is able to pull out the good in them even when it appears there might not be any. What is important here is the way this sensitivity to emotion serves her better than her notable physical prowess, in part due to her diminished position, but mainly due to the way it aligns the game’s themes unity and seeing beyond discrimination. Another approach to this emotional sensitivity is contrasting it with the violence which the heroine and those around them engage in. Ueno Enju from Nightshade presents this conflict between the two sides of the heroine, the emotions she feels for those around her and the shinobi heritage which she takes pride in yet is a path steeped in violence and ruin. The outcome of the story is based on which side she chooses and so is how the suitors react to her which makes for an engaging friction amongst the group.
 

Conflict Across The Spectrum

 
One of the noticeable features of Otome is a willingness to leave the confines of the typical school setting and try its hand at stories in a fantastical or adult environment. Schools do still have a major presence in the genre but not quite the strangle hold it has over male orientated titles. The kinds of female appealing narratives offer a greater degree of freedom in the way they can be presented to the player as demonstrated in the previous sections. Underpinning this flexibility is the aforementioned elements of danger from the suitors masculinity which naturally lends itself to being mixed in with other sources of more mature threats and mysteries. Many of these settings have the characters as adults within a working environment like the police in Collar x Malice. For its protagonist, Hoshino Ichika, her work provides a reason for her to become involved with the suitors and place herself in danger while doubling up as an avenue to express the game’s themes. Given the already contrived nature of the title’s set up, it would have had to tie itself in even more knots to get a school setting to make sense on top of it not meshing with the tone it wants to establish. The work environment and professional experience of the cast also lend the narrative a baseline level of maturity within the player’s mind before they even open their mouths and further reinforce this direction. Otomes entirely detached from the real world are also freed from the school mandate if they set the appropriate expectations, such as with Psychedelica of the Ashen Hawk. Under a blanket of thick snow and medieval trappings the game keeps any thoughts of school out of the player’s head by rapidly defining the limits of its narrative space and confining them within its walls. Despite the relatively young age of the protagonist, the focus on the concealing their gender and the danger they become involved in make sure the forwards pressure becomes a core aspect of the title’s identity. Such a story relies on the completeness and alien nature of its setting to immerse the player and so the freedom from setting expectations allows it commit to the absence of familiar elements from our own world.
Colours and place create a powerful sense of place

Conclusion

 
No genre is quite the same as Otome with its particular vision of romance, drama and characters, even its male equivalents tend towards stories of very different kinds. Part of this uniqueness stems from the suitors and the way they lean into their possessive and pursuit of the heroine to create a cast of proactive and dynamic individuals. It is also a genre not bound to the school setting to the same level as its peers so offers a flexible package for a greater variety of stories to be told within it. The way the heroines of Otome get to present their strength and vulnerability through their emotional intelligence results in more charged narratives where the suitor needs the heroine as much as she needs him. Overall the effect which the gender of audience has on how visual novels can present love and relationships is interesting to witness and shows what can be achieved within the medium.
 
 

Irotoridori no Hikari Review – Colourful Is The Future Of Love

 

Genre – Romance, Slice of Life, Fantasy    Play Time – 25 hours    Developer – FAVORITE    Patch Download   VNDB

 

Call Of Forgotten Memories

 
When following on from a visual novel with one of the most satiating finales in the medium, but some mixed quality heroine routes, how do you provide any meaningful additions to story? Irotoridori no Hikari’s answer is to be a hybrid of sequel and fandisc to try and expand on the ending while tidying up the lingering issues. The main way it does this is through the heroine after stories which take the cast and address any remaining conflicts and give them proper conclusions. Returning characters maintain their strong personalities and now feel like a part of a group as they interact more rather than being an island to themselves as they were previously. Visual design continues to be this series’ strength with it doubling down on the imaginative art styles of the new worlds the cast find themselves in and it keeps the player excited to see more. However, not everything is quite a brilliant when it comes to Irotoridori no Hikari’s role as a sequel where it is clear they did not know what direction to take the narrative and instead repeated the original’s ideas in a new inferior and messy package. Can the after stories do enough to hold the player’s interest or will the burden of succession be too much? Let’s return to the library of souls and find out.
 

Expansion And Completion – Narrative and Themes

 
The overall quality of narrative’s implementation is a significant set up over the original both in terms of its broad strokes and the individual heroine after stories. Many of the rough edges which made the original feel so uneven at times have been sanded down with a renewed focus on the cast’s presentation. Gone are the lengthy and dry flashback scenes so prevalent before and in their place are conflicts and emotions grounded in the here and now. This makes the development and explanations of the cast's struggles feel more organic within the flow of the story for an overall pleasing play experience. Then there is the greater inclusion of the different worlds visited through the basement and these are given new layers of depth and fantastical wonder be they new or returning places. Each one now has a complete vision of what they are and how they relate to the cast rather than just pretty backgrounds as many were in the original. What changes such as these create is a well rounded sense of place and people which is core to the appeal of this series and tries to retroactively rehabilitate the previous weaknesses.
Looks like her brain has shut down

Each heroine after story falls into one of two camps, those consistently dedicated to a single narrative through line or those split down the middle between a slice of life opening and the conflict centric second half. Mio and Kana’s after stories fall into the first category and make for an interesting pair to contrast the strengths and weaknesses of the after stories within Irotoridori no Hikari. When looking at Mio’s story it quickly becomes clear this is the weakest of the bunch due to its unfocused direction. It lacks a core arc and instead tries to stretch out the thinly vailed metaphor of Mio’s transparent body over a play time it is not capable of supporting. Then part way through another character gets reintroduced after which their characterisation becomes the centre of attention to the point you could be forgiven for thinking it was their after story. Despite this wandering about, the after story is still does just enough to justify its existence and is an enjoyable enough expansion to Mio’s original route. By contrast Kana has the strongest after story in the game with a clear focus which wraps up her arc in a nice bow. Part of the reason for this comes from its extensive use of the other worlds starting out in the familiar town of yokai and ending up in a snow covered library filled with robots. It also more explicitly ties the themes of Haku and Ren’s conflict to Kana’s own regrets so both can reach a satisfying resolution in tandem. The way they play into each other creates a constant core identity underlying the experience so no moment feels like the game is spinning its wheels. Kyou and Tsukasa’s after stories belong to the second kind and share the same set of boons and issues. Both their opening halves are unrelated slice of life sections where nothing of importance happens for either and they remain static continuations of their original selves. This makes for a somewhat dry start but the way they lean into the group dynamic, and sell the post route relationships the cast have with each other, does provide enough entertainment to not make these sequences too boring. By contrast their second halves contain major and important resolution for them to the point at which this material should have been in the original route since it that impactful to their arcs. As a result there is a certain whiplash when this shift between the two happens since little set up is done before hand and it does not make for a smooth transition. Yet the emotional catharsis provided through these second halves cannot be over stated and more than compensates for the weaker opening.
It is never easy to reach what we desire

Perhaps the keen eyed among you might have noticed the absence of a specific heroine from the prior discussion, the pancake loving Shinku. This is because her after story is tied into the largest problem with Irotoridori no Hikari, its attempts to expand the original’s broader strokes in terms of protagonist Yuuma and those associated with Shinku’s world. In isolation Shinku’s after story is a sweet tale about her trying to be cuter for the sake of being Yuuma’s bride while coming to accept her feminine aspects with a few crumbs of future plot developments. Its issues stem from the way it resets Shinku and Yuuma’s characters back to the way they were before the finale of the original game and so playing it is like a constant stream of deja vu. A minor problem with the overall structure of the game is the way the greater narrative set up in Shinku’s story does not progress and the player is forced to do all the other heroine stories before they get more on it, at which point they might have forgotten much of it. Once the player has moved beyond the after stories, the next issues rears its head in the form of the Ai side story. This begins a recurring lesson this game shows us, sometimes you should not explain or show in detail things which were never meant to be a core focus. For Ai’s story this is the world she and Shinku originally resided within where everyone gets one wish granted. The extended time the player is now given in this world reveals how poorly thought through the whole concept is and why it was so vague in the original game. It is not a fantasy world so the wish system and its ridiculous implementation within the world are distracting and hurt the characters associated with it since they end up have do dance around this lumbering elephant of a concept. After this side story the player will reach the game’s finale and they will quickly come to realise it is a poorly executed repetition of the original’s conclusion. Shinku and Yuuma undergo the exact same arcs as before up to and including the separation of the pair being a major dramatic device. Except this time is feels the need to give Yuuma a backstory which adds nothing to his character and removes a layer of mystery in exchange for a dry and hollow explanation. Everyone involved more or less ends up back to exactly the same place they started the game and it comes across as the game spinning its wheels since it does not know how to move on from the original. These combine to sour the experience of playing Irotoridori no Hikari rather than ruin it since the majority of the time spent with it will be in the other character after stories.
 

New Expressions On Familiar Faces – Characters

 
When it comes to the cast they are almost entirely inherited from the original title, which is to be expected from a sequel, and the game does a good job of continuing what made them so memorable in the first place. The arcs they undergo in their after stories give a fresh perspective on what makes them tick and helps round out their colourful personalities while being a joy to watch. Shinku and Protagonist Yuuma are still loveable characters despite the reset they undergo and this it is a testament to the emotional investment they are capable of invoking even in this diminished form. A majority of the play time is spent focused on this cast and their ability to be so human provides the player with something solid to grasp on to as they reacclimatise to the narrative. The problematic characters are Ai and Original Yuuma who are also more or less exactly the same as in the original game which is to say flat and weakly presented. In that original title this made sense since their role was an extremely minor one so additional depth would have been a waste of time, but here their major role in the side story and finale makes this austere identity distracting. Compounding this problem is the introduction of a new character in the finale who is completely devoid of the unique personality traits of even the weaker characters like Ai and Original Yuuma and exists to function as a deus ex machina for the plot. They are a black hole who’s position in the story meant they could never be given any meaningful identity due to their minimal screen time and so end up as a worse version of Ai’s role in the original.
Poor Kana remains a terrible maid

Sakura In The Snow- Visuals, Audio and Technical

 
Visuals were always something the original game excelled at and Irotoridori no Hikari builds upon this foundation to expand on its weaker elements. In particular the new locations are a stand out for their distinct use of colour and striking imagery to sell the other worlds the characters find themselves exploring. The new CGs keep to this vision of a dream like quality which exaggerates the emotions of the scene it accompanies creating a heightened awareness in the player of the subtleties being acted out before them. Similarly the music maintains the same identity and plays with the inherited soundtrack to recontextualise the familiar tunes within new situations. This way the memory and immediacy of the OST is merged together reinforces the game’s atmosphere while expanding on what sort of emotions in can invoke. As for issues there is a minor technical issue in the structure of unlocks where the opening after story unlocks the rest then they must be played to unlock the side story and finale. This is a problem due to all the new plot being in that opening and ending with nothing being contained within the other after stories. Poor pacing is the result where the player is suddenly jerked back into the narrative after having left it for many hours which makes it difficult to reinvest in the plot.
The other worlds are striking

Conclusion

 
Irotoridori no Hikari was given an impossible task of being both a sequel and a fan disc at the same time and balancing their disparate needs, so it should come as no surprise it has its fair share of issues. The after stories expand on each characters arcs in fun and engaging ways while wrapping up any lose ends left from their routes. Accompanying these are a general tidying up the narrative structure, such a not relying so much on flashbacks, which make the reading experience more pleasant. Visuals and audio inherited from the original are expanded and give new life to familiar spaces. The returning cast remains as strong as ever and their emotional exploration and conflict is a core part of the game’s appeal. It is when Irotoridori no Hikari tries to be a sequel the issues pop up as it does not have a concrete idea of what to do next so it just makes a worse copy of the original’s finale. Couple this with a reliance on some of the weaker characters for its payoffs and the result is a messy final act. Overall, Irotoridori no Hikari has more than enough it is favour to recommend it, but the mixed quality of content may leave a sour taste in the mouths of some players.
 
 

Verdict – 

Revisiting the colourful world is an absolute delight as familiar faces are given proper resolutions and entertaining interactions. However, its attempts to move on from its predecessor are poorly executed and it ends up being a weak imitation.
 
 

Pros -

 
+ Strong after stories which wrap up and expands each heroine in new and exciting direction.
 
+ Many of the minor issues with the original’s narrative presentation have been resolved.
 
+ The returning cast remain as strong and loveable as ever.
 
+ Excellent visual are put to good use creating the imaginative world the cast traverse.
 

Cons - 

 
- The side episode and finale are weak and end up as a worse version of the original game’s conclusion.
 
- Ai and Original Yuuma are not developmented in the way they needed to be for their role in the story to work.
 
- Resetting Shinku and Protagonist Yuuma’s character arcs makes for a repetitive experience where the player constantly feels like they have seen this all before.
 
 

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